First lessons of Arithmetic: Lesson XX. - subtraction

Math worksheet.

Subtraction (also called "takeaways") is one of the four basic arithmetic operations; it is the inverse of addition, meaning that if we start with any number and add any number and then subtract the same number we added, we return to the number we started with. Subtraction is denoted by a minus sign in infix notation.

The traditional names for the parts of the formula

c − b = a

are minuend (c) − subtrahend (b) = difference (a). The words "minuend" and "subtrahend" are uncommon in modern usage^{[citation needed]}. Instead we say that c and −b are terms, and treat subtraction as addition of the opposite. The answer is still called the difference.

Lesson XIX.

1. You have 2 pencils and you give one away, how many pencils do you have now?

C: 2 pencils - 1 pencil =_ pencil

2. If there were 3 apples on a table, and Helen ate 1, how many apples were left? C: 3 apples – 1 apple =_ apples

3. If 4 puppies were for sale and 1 was already bought, how many puppies were still in the box? C: 4-1=_

4. Hold up five fingers. Put one down, how many fingers are you still holding up? _

5. If you drew 6 pictures and you gave one to your mother, how many pictures do you still have?

C: 6-1=_

6. How many steam ships are represented in the picture?

A: There are _ steamships represented in the picture.

7. If one steamship sails away, how many are there left?

C: _-1=_

8. How many row boats do you see in the picture?

A: there are _ row boats in the picture.

9. How many row boats are being rowed away? How many are left? C: _-_=_

A:

10. If there are 9 trees, and a man cuts 1 down, how many will be left? C: 9-1=_

A: There are _ trees left.

Review Exercises

Find the value of each of the following:

5+4=__ 6+8=__ 6+3=__ 9+4=__ 8+1=__

6+4=__ 5+9=__ 5+7=__ 5+3=__ 7+9=__

7+6=__ 2+8=__ 6+4=__ 8+8=__ 8+3=__

5+6=__ 4+7=__ 7+9=__ 3+9=__ 7+5=__

3+9=__ 3+5=__ 9+3=__ 4=4=__ 6=3=__

8+3=__ 5+6=__ 8+7=__ 4+8=__ 7+8=__

6+6=__ 5+5=__ 6+9=__ 6+5=__ 4+9=__

8+4=__ 4+9=__ 5+8=__ 7+8=__ 5+7=__

Add the following in your mind and write down just the answers:

Copy and add the following:

1. a) 3+4+2+6=__ b) 2+4+2+3=__ c) 2+6+8+4=__

d) 3+2+1+6=__ e) 4+8+2+4=__ f) 2+6+1+7=__

g) 4+2+3+9=__ h) 8+1+7+4=__ i) 8+4+2+5=__

j) 4+7+4+3=__ k) 6+4+2+7=__ l) 5+2+7+6=__

m) 7+2+9+1=__ n)5+6+4+3=__ o) 9+2+6+3=__

p) 4+2+6+5=__ q) 4+9+2+4=__ r) 5+2+7+4=__

s) 5+2+4+3=__ t) 7+4+6+1=__ u) 9+1+4+2=__

2. a) 8+2+6+3=__ b) 9+1+4+5=__ c) 4+2+6+7=__

d) 5+2+7+4=__ e) 5+9+2+3=__ f) 8+7+2+2=__

g) 4+3+5+8=__ h) 4+7+2+6=__ i) 6+2+3+5=__

j) 5+4+9+2=__ k) 9+2+3+6=__ l ) 4+7+2+6=__

m) 5+1+4+9=__ n) 6+3+1+8=__ o) 4+7+5+4=__

p) 7+3+3+7=__ q) 6+4+4+6=__ r) 8+2+2+7=__

s) 9+1+6+3=__ t) 8+5+2+4=__ u) 7+7+2+3=__

Lesson XVIII

1. Jennie gave the teacher 6 hyacinths, Mary gave her 4, and Minnie gave her 3.

Q: How many hyacinths did the teacher receive in all?

C: _+_+_=__

A:

2. In the park 3 boys are flying kites, 6 are playing ball, and 3 are rolling hoops.

Q: How many boys are there in the park?

C: _+_+_=__

A:

3. There are 4 soldiers in one squad, 5 in another, and 6 in another squad.

Q: How many soldiers are in all?

C: _+_+_=__

A:

4. There are 5 flags on one building, 2 on another, and 4 on another building.

Q: How many flags are there in all?

C: _+_+_=__

A:

5. Q: How many guns are 4 guns, 5 guns, and 6 guns?

C: _+_+_=__

A:

6. There are 6 birds in one cage, 2 in another, and 7 in another cage.

Q: How many birds are there in all?

C: _+_+_=__

A:

7. Jennie is 8 years old, and her brother is 5 years older.

Q: what is the age of her brother?

C: _+_=__

A:

8. Delia has 1 doll, Mina has 2 dolls, Carrie has 3 dolls, and Ruth has 2 dolls.

Q: How many dolls are there all together?

C: _+_+_+_=__

A:

9. There are 8 goblets on the shelf, 6 on the table, and 4 on the stand.

Q: How many goblets are there in the room?

C: _+_+_=__

A:

10. A wealthy gentleman had 3 draft horses, 5 riding horses, and 6 carriage-horses.

Q: How many horses did he have?

C: _+_+_=__

A:

11. A gentleman spent 4 months of every year in Florida, 2 months in the White

Mountains, 3 months in Europe, and the rest of the year at home.

Q: How many months was he away from home?

C: _+_+_=__

A: He was away from home for __ months.

12. James wrote 6 lines in his writing-book on Monday, 3 lines on Tuesday, 7 lines on

Wednesday, and 4 lines on Thursday.

Q: How many lines did he write in his writing- book in those four days?

C: _+_+_=__

A:

13. a) 8+2+3+5=__ b) 7+3+4+4=__

14. a) 1+2+6+9=__ b) 8+1+5+3=__

15. a) 7+1+8+2=__ b) 3+3+3+3+__

16. How many are 6, 3, and5?

17. How many are 4, 7, and 8?

Basic Math-Lesson 4 Properties of Numbers

This lesson consists of providing you with a Self-Tutorial of the basic properties of numbers. These are the ones I discuss:

The Reflexive Property of Equality, The Symmetric Property of Equality, The Transitive Property of Equality, The Substitution Property, The Additive Property of Equality, The Cancellation Law of Addition, The Multiplicative Property of Equality, Cancellation Law of Multiplication, The Zero-Factor Property, The Law of Trichotomy, The Transitive Property of Inequality, Properties of Absolute Value, The Closure Property of Addition, The Closure Property of Multiplication, The Commutative Property of Addition, The Commutative Property of Multiplication, The Associative Property of Addition, The Associative Property of Multiplication, The Identity Property of Addition, The Identity Property of Multiplication, The Inverse Property of Addition, The Inverse Property of Multiplication, The Distributive Law of Multiplication Over Addition, The Distributive Law of Multiplication Over
Subtraction, The General Distributive Property and The Negation Distributive Property.
PDF Lesson Here

Lesson XVII.

1. Ruth picked 4 pinks from one stem, 3 from another, and 2 from another.
Q: How many pinks did Ruth pick?

C: _+_+_=__

A:

2. If there are 6 boys in one class, 7 in another, and 5 boys in another.
Q: How many boys are there in the three classes’ altogether?
C: _+_+_=__

A:

3. How many bells are 5 bells, 2 bells, 6 bells and 4 bells?

C: _+_+_+_=__

A:

4. A merchant sold 5 yards of calico to one girl, 3 yards to another, and 6 to another girl.

Q: How many yards did he sell?

C: _+_+_=__

A:

5. Lucy had 8 pins, and found ten more.

Q: How many did she have then.

C: _+_+_=__

A:

6. a) 2+2+2=_ b) 3+3+3=_ c) 5+5+5=__ d) 6+6+6=__

7. 9+1+4+2=__

8. 4+2+3+0=__

9. 1+5+2+3=__

10. 2+5+4+3=__

11. 6+1+2+3=__

12. 8+0+3+1=__

13. 5+2+6+5=__

14. 1+8+2+4=__

15. 3+6+5+4=__

Lesson XVI

1. There is 1man on the steps and there are 9 men in the store.

Q: How many men are there in all?

C: _+_=__

A:

2. Henry sold 2 books on Tuesday and 9 books on Wednesday.

Q: How many books did he sell in all?

C: _+_=__

A:

3. How many shells are 3 shells and 9 shells?

C: _+_=__

A:

4. How many boats are 4 boats and 9 boats?

C: _+_=__

A:

5. Jennie is 5 years old, and her sister is 9 years older.

Q: How old is her sister?

C: _+_=__

A:

6. How many are 6 and 9? 7 and 9?

C: _+_=__ ; _+_=__

7. There are 8 trees in one row and 9 in another.

Q: How many trees are there in both rows?

C: _+_=__

A:

8. How many plants are 9 plants and 9 plants?

C: _+_=__

A:

9. How many books are 9 books and 10 books?

C: _+__=__

A:

10. A beggar had 1 cent, and the boy gave him 10 cents.

Q: How many cents does the beggar have now?

C: _+__=__

A:

11. There are 2 strawberries on one stem and 10 on another.

Q: How many strawberries are there all together?

C: _+__=__

A:

12. A boy paid 7 shillings for oil and 10 shillings for a lamp.

Q: How much did the boy have to pay for both items?

C: _+__=__

A:

13. How many oranges are 3 oranges and 10 oranges?

C: _+__=__

A:

14. a) 4+10=__ b) 5+10=__ c) 6+10=__

15. How many are 9 and 10? 10 and 10?

C: _+__=__ ; __+__=__

16. Form the addition tables of nine and ten.